HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that infects cells of the immune system, primarily CD4+ T-cells. This infection progressively weakens the immune system, making the body more vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. HIV is transmitted through specific bodily fluids, including blood, semen, pre-seminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Early detection is crucial for managing the infection effectively and preventing its progression to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Testing for HIV often involves detecting antibodies to the virus, antigens, or the viral genetic material itself.