PTH

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a peptide hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, four small glands located in the neck behind the thyroid. It plays a central role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis within the body. PTH acts primarily on bone and kidneys to regulate mineral levels. In bone, it stimulates the release of calcium into the bloodstream. In the kidneys, it promotes calcium reabsorption and inhibits phosphate reabsorption, while also stimulating the production of active vitamin D, which further enhances calcium absorption from the intestine. This intricate system ensures a stable balance of these essential minerals critical for numerous physiological functions.